Electric and hydrogen-powered trucks

Tuesday 18 April, 2023

The heavy goods vehicle (HGV) sector is today calling for an urgent, government-led strategy to drive uptake of zero emission trucks to meet decarbonisation targets. With just over a decade until the first end of sale deadline for the UK’s predominantly diesel HGV workhorses, new analysis from the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders (SMMT) shows that Britain’s strategic road network has not a single HGV-dedicated electric charging or hydrogen filling point.¹ This lack of infrastructure makes it impossible for the vast majority of operators to contemplate investments to decarbonise their fleets, putting critical CO2 emission savings of up to 21.1 million tonnes a year at risk.²

From 2035, all new HGVs weighing under 26 tonnes sold in the UK must be zero emission – the same date as for the car and van sectors, despite the EV truck market being two decades behind that of passenger cars. The remaining heavier vehicles must be completely decarbonised five years later, but the initial deadline leaves many operators with just one full eight-year cycle of fleet renewal to make the transition. While investment announcements for public car charging infrastructure are gradually flowing through, there is no equivalent plan for HGV-dedicated infrastructure.

HGV manufacturers are investing heavily in a broad range of electric and hydrogen models, however, these currently account for just one in 600 trucks on UK roads.³ A key concern for the sector is ‘charging anxiety’, which is felt acutely by operators with time-sensitive, long-haul business models. Delivering sufficient levels of public infrastructure would significantly increase operator confidence to make the necessary and substantial investments to decarbonise their fleets.

The expansion of infrastructure must also be matched to wider support for the sector. Given the unavoidably higher costs of zero emission vehicles and the necessary depot investments, operators whose businesses are run on tight margins and pence per mile calculations need to be incentivised to make the switch. The UK is behind many other countries in this regard as just eight of the 20 zero emission truck models on the market are eligible for the Plug-in Truck Grant.⁴ Furthermore, other countries, including France and Finland, provide up to triple the sum available to UK operators.⁵

The HGV sector keeps Britain on the move, last year carrying some 1.65 billion tonnes of goods, including food, medicines, clothes, household essentials, construction materials and waste, across the UK – a critical role that, with the right infrastructure in place, could be delivered on zero emissions, thanks to the latest cutting-edge vehicle technology being delivered by manufacturers.

SMMT is therefore calling for government to deliver a strategy within the next 12 months that focuses on the specific requirements of HGVs to enable operators to plan and invest, while minimising additional logistics costs that inevitably would be passed on to the consumer. The strategy must improve incentives for operators to encourage investment in zero emission trucks; it must set out a plan to support and coordinate the installation of public and depot-based charging and refuelling points, in the right locations across all regions of the country; and it should include reforms to support investment, planning and energy provision to facilitate critical depot-based infrastructure.

Mike Hawes, SMMT Chief Executive, said,

With just over a decade until the UK begins to phase out new diesel trucks, we cannot afford to delay a strategy that will deliver the world’s first decarbonised HGV sector.

Manufacturers are investing billions in electric and hydrogen vehicles that will deliver massive CO2 savings, and it is vital that operators making long-term decisions today have full confidence in these technologies, that they will be commercially viable and allow them to keep costs down for consumers. A successful transition requires a long-term plan to drive the rollout of a dedicated UK-wide HGV charging and fuelling network, combined with world-leading incentives to encourage uptake and attract model allocation – a plan that will keep a greener Britain on the move and globally competitive.

The latest innovations in the HGV sector, from electric and hydrogen vehicles to cutting-edge components and services, will be on display at the Commercial Vehicle Show 2023 at the NEC, Birmingham from 18-20 April. With some 200 exhibitors and more than 10,000 visitors expected, it is the UK’s largest trade exhibition for the commercial vehicle sector.

SMMT’s key recommendations

1. Suitable funding commitments to HGV decarbonisation
2. Competitive purchase incentives for zero emission trucks
3. A national plan for installing depot infrastructure
4. Deliver critical public and en-route infrastructure
5. A dedicated HGV infrastructure strategy by Spring 2024

Notes to editors

1. Hydrogen refuelling station data from UK H2 Mobility data.
2. CO2 emissions from 2021 UK HGV fleet – National Statistics
3. UK HGV parc 2022: 615,570 units; UK zero emission HGV parc 2022: 967 units.
4. UK Government, Plug-in Truck Grant.
5. ACEA, Electric vehicles: Tax benefits and purchase incentives 2022.